Ah, police brutality. Seems to be the huge trigger word this day and age. I for one, am 100% glad that it is. The truth of these heinous acts committed by the people our taxes pay for must come to light. However, there seems to be that very vocal bunch that say that there is no police brutality. People that rather blame the victims instead of the police. People that would rather strengthen the police force even more. Their thinking is if the police look stronger and are better equipped it would prevent people from even attempting crimes. While yes instilling fear is an effective way to cut back on crime, but does it make any sense at all to make the forces that are known to bringing harm to people they swear to protect more powerful? Do these people acknowledge there is a problem with police brutality and officers that abuse their power?

That’s what the goal of this series of proposals is. To investigate and shed new light on police brutality. Why they get away with it. How it gets covered by the media. How they get covered up. How the actions get justified through lies and cover ups.

1. Montana Police Officer Cleared in Shooting Death of Unarmed Man

Background – Just as the title says, the police officer was cleared for killing a man, Richard Ramirez, in Montana. Now how exactly was this officer capable of getting away with killing this man? There is a clip of the altercation that clearly shows him opening fire on him. (Video not for the faint of heart) The officer was justified for his action for saying that the man in the vehicle has armed with a gun himself. This was later proven false. However, because this officer said he had suspicion that the man was armed, it allowed him to open fire immediately. Many people would view that he had every right to do so because his life may have been on the line. And that is how he was able to get away with it.

Proposal – This is but just one example of how police officers can get away with brutality. It takes one magic phrase “He has a gun!” and suddenly a victim is made into public enemy number one, whether they are actually armed or not.

2. Ferguson Prosecutor Admits to Witnesses of Michael Brown Shooting Were Lying

Background – In this article, Ferguson police prosecutor, Robert McCulloch, breaks his silence on the case. He admits to letting a “witness” a woman who was not even present at the scene of the altercation testify before the grand jury. The woman in question, has bipolar disorder, that has been left untreated and has a history of racist remarks, and has donated to Darren Wilson’s fund.

Proposal – The woman is clearly not a credible witness given her history, her mental illness, and that she has donated money toward Darren Wilson. Making her biased. A perfect witness, for prosecutor McCulloch to help get the officer he has created a fund for away with murder.

3. The Great Police Cover Up

Background – This article details how the police cover up their shootings. They intentionally avoid reporting the bullets they use. They falsify police reports in general. There is even information on how officers provide false data as to people killed by their hands. This makes it hard for the nation to even prove that police officers abuse their power because they are getting false statistics, unreported police altercations.

Proposal – We can’t even trust our police officers to provide proper data. This is what our tax dollars go to. Supplying a police force that cannot be honest with their reports, do not submit their data to the FBI’s Crime Reporting Program, and keep any sort of actual evidence and date to themselves. There is obviously some kind of reason they want to cover this information up. It goes against them.

4. News Reporter Spreads False Image of Police Officer

Background – KABC reporter Larry Elder posts a fake picture of Darren Wilson’s injuries after his altercation with Michael Brown. This is proven false with a simple right click reverse image search on the photo. It turns out that was actually a picture of man involved in a faceplant motocross accident from 2006.

Proposal – This is an example of how the media will lie and spread false information in order to protect the men in blue. The man in the picture does not even resemble Darren Wilson in the slightest. However, that doesn’t seem to matter to Larry Elder, in fact for the first few days it actually worked. The image spread to most other news outlets and the man quickly became the new face of Darren Wilson. Until of course it was proven false. Proving that the media has no problem to lie to the public in order to gain support and views.

Elephants are beautiful wild animals that many humans adore. We go to zoo’s [zoos] and circuses to admire the huge graceful animals. While admiring these animals[,] the public is [we are] not told of the severe torture that elephants are put through in capturing them from the wild and when training them for captivity. For my essay, I will research different ways elephants are abused and tortured, something circus and zoo owners try to keep hidden from the public. While doing this I will unveil how detrimental this abuse is to the elephant wildlife, inching them closer [and closer to being extinct] [to extinction]. It is [an] extremely counterintuitive [topic] that we adore and admire the beauty of this endangered animal, but continue to support the abuse by going to circus shows or the zoo.

1. Ringling Bros. – Elephant Child Abusers — Breaking a Baby Elephant

Background: This video is broken down into the different steps it takes to captivate an elephant and turn it into a domestic animal for the pure benefit of the entertainment business. The first step includes acquiring a baby elephant, which is done by importing asian elephants by [bounding] [binding] their legs together. Now that the Endangered Species Act has been passed[,] Ringling Bros has [their] [its] own farm to breed elephants in Florida. [The] second step is to take the babies from the mothers immediately after birth. They “break” [wild] elephants [because they are wild] and [need to be tamed] [tame them] for the circus. The third step is to tie up all four legs of the baby elephant and keep it isolated for 23 hours a day. Step four is teaching the elephant circus tricks using ropes, bull hooks, and electronic prods.

How I Plan On Using It: The circus is a place that most associate with happiness and fun entertainment. Few [of us] [people] know what the process of training the elephants is like and it is hidden [for the sole reason being people will frown upon it] [because it is disgraceful]. I will use this source to expose the Ringling Bros. [circus] for [its] [how they treat and train their] [disgraceful treatment of] elephants.

2. Elephant Tusks

Background: This article explains what elephant tusks are, why they are so crucial to the [elephants] [elephants’] lives, and why and how people are retrieving these tusks. Elephants use their tusks to protect themselves[,] [;] without them their lives are at risk from [other] predators such as lions and tigers. Their tusks are the main reason elephants are being heavily hunted[,] [;] they are used for pianos, billiard balls and sometimes for pride of [possessing them] [possession].

Use It: I will use this specific source as [another view on how] [evidence that] elephants are being abused and hunted. Without their tusks[,] it is difficult for elephants to survive, [in the end creating a more immense] [further endangering an already] endangered species.

3. 6 Ways To Help Elephants

Background: This [cite] [source] provides six easy ways [that] humans can [do to help] protect and save elephants from extinction. [Some] [They] include avoiding circuses and zoos, [and] being aware of where [your] [our] coffee is from because some plantations destroy elephant’s habitat.

Use It: This source will be an excellent way to provide diversity to my paper. It gives hope and allows the reader to see a solution for the argument being posted.

4. Get Elephants Out of Zoos

Background: [Elephant’s] [Elephants’] living conditions in zoos are much more condensed [then] [than] [they are used to living] in the wild. [It talks about the pitiful standards that zoos need to keep][Living standards for] an elephant[,] such as 20 feet by 20 feet of space [for an elephant] [per animal], [are pitiful]. This eliminates the elephant’s nature to roam and walk freely as it does in the wild. It also exposes the forceful way [elephants are bred] [zoos breed elephants,] mostly through artificial insemination, knowing that most [of the outcomes are] [pregnancies will end in] miscarriages or dead baby elephants. Overall, it exposes all the hideous truths [that go into] [about] keeping an elephant at a zoo.

Use It: [Other than] [In addition to] circuses, zoos are also guilty [when it comes to] [of] mistreating their elephants. [Using] This [cite] [source] strengthens my argument [of abusive tendencies towards elephants] [that elephants are abused], [while providing a variety of places] [and identifies where] they get abused.

5. Cruelest Show on Earth

Background: The article revolves around a [young three year old] [three-year-old] elephant named Kenny[. Kenny], [who] became very sick during a show on tour. Sickly elephants require prompt medical care to [make sure that they are able to preform to the best of their abilities][insure their best performance]. [What seems like a safe and intelligent precaution is where it goes south. Kenny was observed and the veterinarian recommended that Kenny skip the evening show that night.] Ringling Bros ignored [this request] [a reasonable suggestion by the veterinarian that Kenny skip one show], and forced Kenny to [preform] [perform] even though he was deathly sick and incredibly [week] [weak]. That night Kenny died [as he was] shackled [to] [in] his suffocatingly small pen.

Use It: This shows the carelessness of the elephant trainers and circus workers. This article provides a story of a specific elephant Kenny which gives a more personal [connect] [connection] with readers and provokes a stronger reaction.

6. Ringling Bros. Eliminating Elephant Acts

Background: Ringling Bros. are phasing out elephants from their acts by 2018. The elephants that are in their shows will be sent to the Center for Elephant Conservation after they are eliminated from the acts.

Use It: This proves that the elephants are being mistreated and that [they] [Ringling Bros.] are finally acknowledging the misuse. For a long time they ignored or hid the fact that they mistreated the elephants and this is proof that they now recognize their wrong doings.

7. Poachers Target African Elephant for Ivory Tusks

Background: This article goes into depth about the rising crisis of ivory smuggling in the past few years. Several tons of ivory tusks are being smuggled and sold[,] [;] poachers do this to make a profit because ivory is rare and pricey. It also discusses that the poachers are killing elephants at “massacre sites” and [only taking] [taking only] their tusks, no meat from the elephant.

Use It: This article strengthens my first source on elephant tusks and provides a more detailed depiction of the actual tons of ivory that [is] [are] being smuggled. This also backs up my argument on elephant abuse because it talks about poachers killing elephants solely for their tusks.

8. Elephant Abuse

Background: It talks about how in most zoos throughout the country elephants are chained up in a confined area and beaten. They explain the reason most zoos beat the elephants is to “keep the elephants in check” and to show that the elephant handler is dominant over the huge animal. This source offers a different perspective because it explains how the Oakland Zoo uses positive reinforcement like treats to train their elephants without abuse, and they also give the animals plenty of space to roam.

Use It: This goes along with my argument [and how] [that] training elephants is more like torturing them, and that there has to be [another way to get the point across] [a better method]. The Oakland Zoo [gives that option of] [uses] positive reinforcement and [treating] [treats] elephants correctly, and still [getting] [gets] them to do what trainers want them to do.

9. Elephant Abuse at Zoo Leads to Lawsuit

Background: This source is about a lawsuit that was filed against Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle, Washington. It explains the harsh [realities of][treatment] elephants [go through when living][suffer] in zoos, [including] [The elephants suffer from] chronic pains in their feet and joints from standing on hard cement surfaces all day long. They are also ripped from their mothers and [artificial] [artificially] inseminated multiple times even though most [pregnancies] end [up] in miscarriages.

Use It: I will use this source to shine light on the abuse that goes on in zoos as well as circuses. It provides the proof that zoo owners do not want the public to know about elephants in zoos.

10. The Death of Stony the Elephant

Background: Stony was a circus elephant who was practicing standing on his two hind legs when his hamstring exploded. Stony was then brought to quarters where he was kept laying in his own waste unable to move a whole lot. He then died before they could send him off to an elephant breeding facility

Use It: This is another instance that [makes] [strengthens] my case about elephant abuse in circuses [stronger]. It also shows the [lack of attention designated to elephants that are injured] [neglect of injured elephants], and the strong need to breed as many elephants as possible. [That is shown by wanted to send] [It tells the story of a zoo that sent] an [mobile] [immobile,] injured elephant to [an elephant] [a] breeding farm.

Proposal:

A child acts without thinking just because he or she has no knowledge of whats right or wrong. Scientists state that from observing these meaningless actions that they can for tell something of actual meaning. In the Marshmallow test a child is given the choice to eat a trait now or to wait 15 mins for a another trait as well. Now this seems like a pointless action from the child but what actually occurs is something of relevance. Study shows that the child who waited actually had better grades,  better health, and was able to hold down their job later on in life. As for the children who ate the trait  were described as more unhealthy and were more addictive.

Secrets of self-control

Here the study starts to show the effects of the results appon the children later on in life. As result of the children who lacked the self-control to wait for the second marshmallow seemed to find themselves in state where they had very little ability to control their behavior or impulses. Two new testes were applied to grown adults 4o years later which showed the same results.

This information would help support the meaning of how crucial self-control is with this experiment. If i can show results 40 years later resembling the same traits in the now grown adults as they had once when they were young it is clearly seen how this test works to show self-control

The lesson behind the test

Here you can see the two main parts that are certainly measured in the child while he or she is being tested. The pure lesson here is to see how well the child can control themselves and if they can also control their impulse to eat the first treat. By being tested in these ways you can for tell how your child will act in certain ways such as in school for example where the child will have to have self-control to be able to sit down and do their homework, but also control of their impulses to get up and leave when brought appon distracted.

This information will be used  to help the audience grasp the whole meaning of the experiment. This will also help me to explain the meaning of self-control and controlling impulse as a lesson that can be of knowledge to help your child.

Delaying Gratification 

Here you see a third effect that comes into play during the experiment. Delaying gratification plays a role in some children mind that keeps them for eating the first treat so they can have two. Without delaying gratification more children would have chosen to eat the marshmallow at first simply with only  self-control some kids who have given in but this last key helps some stay on path.

Delaying gratification is a third key to this test that helps support the reasoning behind the results and meaning of the Marshmallow test. This will help me explain why some kids even with little self-control were able to with hold from eating the first treat.

Controlling impulses and making strategies

This also goes along with delaying gratification but with more steps. In the results of the marshmallow test a child makes strangers such as if they should wait this long then simply if not presented the second treat we can eat the first. ALong with a plan and delaying gratification it is easier to see more diverse results and the meaning behind them.

This can be used in my easy to help support the meaning of delaying  gratification and how it is used by children to attain their goals. It is seen in the results that if a strategy was made it didn’t always work but with delaying gratification helping the child it was a much higher percentage of children who waited for the second treat.

A new interpretation on the method 

This information shows that the marshmallow test might actually have a different meaning behind it. Scientists have given a similar version of this test to children but with a goal of seeing if it was trust that was issue behind the results.

With this information I can look at the Marshmallow test from a different perspective and analyze the results. Even though this second test is bogus to me it shows another side of the test which can help define the true meaning behind it.

What the Marshmallow test really shows about self-control

Here you gain more understanding that this experiment has to do with self-control but also with instant gratifies and high delayer. These are the categories the children were placed into after waiting or not waiting making the children who wait labeled high delayer and those who didn’t instant gratifies.

By having these two terms of high delayer and instant gratifies you see more in-depth the understanding of self-control. With children having to eat rather than wait and wait rather than eat.

Marshmallow Test for adults 

Here you seem more reasoning behind the results of the Marshmallow test but in a different version more for adults. You see how this simple test is put into everyday life for an adult such as if he or she is at work and the phone buzzes or if he or she should eat a snack as they go home for dinner. It’s simple things like this that the marshmallow test resembles for kids.

This information helps me realize to the audience what the point is for the actual results. Such as if the child can’t resist the treat now what is going to happen 40 years from now when he or she is tempted by another person to be unfaithful to their spouse.

Marshmallow test seeks reliability

Here you see another factor that seems to be tested in the Marshmallow experiment. This article sates that children who lived in a reliable community seems to wait longer than those who did not. This is a vital point that makes the audience look at the test different but even with this new spin the other factors of self-control and delaying gratification still play a role.

This information will help me look at the results of the experiment to see which is actually right. This article shows proof or reliability being measured but at the same time so are the traits from before. With this new information I can add to the meaning of the results of the Marshmallow test.

Is the Marshmallow test a fair study

In this article you seem to look at the test from a child point of view and see that 15 mins for a four-year old is like an eternity. Some children even cracked under 20 seconds of the study under going. So this article seems to look at the fact of children being to young to even the difference or the true ask of waiting if there is something already in their face.

This article certainly help me to take a step back and look at threw a new perspective. With this understanding of such a young mind it does seem to make me think that the child does not really know what is going but at the same time shows that self-control beings once you are born.

Different Meaning to Marshmallow Test

In this article you see other example such as trust, reliability, and the fact that if something is there now it might not be in a few mins. It shows tests done on kids who were in more unreliable community and places were things weren’t always given to them opposed to kids who were in better communities. Of course you see that certain kids eat the trait while others waited but different things were tested here.

This information helps me further gather more meaning to the results gathered by the marshmallow test and that maybe self-control and delayed gratification isn’t only tested. I can show meaning behind the fact that more things were certainly tested then what showed in the results.

Just like many major cities around the world Vancouver is battling a war against drugs. Vancouver has a large and growing heroin problem amongst its streets. To fight back and help the problem the city is giving away free heroin to addicts. They are giving addicts the best heroin on earth for free. The addicts are even given clean needles, supervision, and assistance.

The city of Vancouver says that they are helping the problem. They say that by doing this they are preventing the users from doing any crimes they normally would in order to obtain drugs. They are sustaining the users addiction but they are also helping the problem by keeping them off the streets and out of the hospitals.

Vancouver combats heroin by giving its addicts the best smack in the world

Background: This article gives an overview on the new program giving us information about how it works and the services they offer. We even get some insight on what the participants in the program are thinking.

How I intend to use it: This article will supply me information about the program and what they do. I will also get to look at some of the participants of the program. I will be able to see how the program affects them and if it actually works like they intend.

Prescription heroin offered in Vancouver outside of clinical trial for 1st time

Background: This article allows us to see how using the drug under medical care compares to using it in an alleyway. Doctors in this article say that some patients who partook in the trials have been able to improve their life and even reconnect with their families.

How I intend to use it: The information about how some patients were able to improve their life will be very useful in showing how these clinics can help some people. Patients might find it easier for them to better their life now that they don’t have to worry about shooting up in the streets. Being able to use in a clinic under medical supervision is a lot safer than the streets, it allows the addicts to move off of the streets as well.

The Only Place Where They’ll Inject You With Heroin for Free

Background: This article gives us information on how the trials will affect the spread and percentages of HIV and Hepititis C. Using in the streets puts addicts at great risk of catching disease.

How I intend to use it: The information on how using in a clinic that provides clean needles and medical supervision can affect the spread of HIV and Hepatitis C. When in the streets addicts will use and share dirty needles. Due to this they contract and spread many diseases. The clinics prevent the diseases from spreading.

Vancouver Experiments With Prescription Heroin

Background: This article tells us that the clinic isn’t 100 percent efficient in keeping participants safe. Users still have used and overdosed on street narcotics while in the program. Also the program gives out heroin and methadone. Methadone which is the traditional substitute for heroin has about 15 to 15 percent failure.

How I intend to use it: I will be able to use the information to show that the usual method of giving out methadone has more failures. At the clinic giving addicts heroin has a higher percentage of success. Most participants offered methadone stray from the program.

Vancouver: Giving junkies a fix to keep them off the street

Background: The article give me an insight on the controversy around the clinics. I get to see what people think of it and if it works. We see that there are many people who don’t support it and think it is just wrong. But we also see that they do reduce crime rates and are proven safer.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use the information about the controversy that surrounds the issue to show how it is perceived by the public. Seeing how this affects the public and the community is very crucial for success.

Addicts shoot up in safe haven in Canada 

Background: This article gives a little insight on how Insite was perceived amongst the Canadian government. We learn some information such as that the Prime minister was against the program. Other cities are also starting to take after Vancouver and try setting up clinics.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this article to show that these programs have been set up in cities all over the world and have shown good results. Also that new cities are staring to try setting up their own clinics.

Prescription Heroin In Vancouver Will Be Handed To Addicts In A Game-Changing Experiment

Background: This article tells us that there is another drug in the streets that is being sold as heroin, that is causing many addicts to overdose.

How I intend to use it : I intend to use this article to show that the clinics are keeping addicts from running into this other drug in the streets. Now they have a less chance of overdosing since they are getting clean heroin at the clinics.

Vancouver’s Supervised Drug Injection Center: How Does It Work?

Background: In this article we learn a little bit about insist and what they do. The struggle gives us information such as how exactly the process of a user using Insite, the medical aliments that occur and information about the staff.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this article to explain the experience that the users go through.

The arguments for and against Vancouver’s supervised injection site

Background: The article shows us some arguments for and against Insite. Insite has saved many lives, many patients have actually gone on to get clean and it benefits the community.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this article to show that Insite saves lives by preventing overdose deaths. Some patients that are apart of Insite actually get referred to detox facilities. The program has also lowered the drug-related crime.

Addicts’ Safe Haven in Vancouver Helps Control HIV

Background:

How I intend to use it:

My research assignment will be on human memory and the psychology behind the way humans process information. Some people believe that many psychology concepts are common sense and humans are able to recognize their inner thoughts, feelings, and motives, on their own. However, professional psychologists trained in the study of the brain, disagree with that viewpoint. Many case studies and experiments prove that the human mind often tricks us, without us acknowledging it.

The way the human brain interprets memories, may be drastically different than some may believe, without researching the topic closer. The human brain stores information in different ways, and many times changes original information before it’s cognitively stored. This is typically uncommon knowledge to most people. It’s counterintuitive to believe that humans often create memories that might never have happened. How can a person swear they’ve experienced something, even if the experience never occurred?

 Human Memory #1

Background: Dr. Susan Siegfried, a licensed clinical psychologist, gives background on memory and its ability to retain information. Dr. Siegfried gives her insight on the brain’s ability to encode, store, and retrieve information. Also, she elaborates on the different types of memories and how frequently humans are subjected to error and bias, which distorts the way memories are remembered.

How I Intend to Use It: I will use this article to provide information on the various ways in which humans store information into their memories. This will provide insight on which memories are stored by the brain in either long-term, short-term, sensory, or other areas of the brain.

The Man With No Memory #2

Background: Henry Molaison, who is commonly referred to as “HM,” provided fascinating information for psychologist and scientist to research about the human brain. Molaison suffered from epileptic seizures for many years and had a new, unique procedure performed on him, on August 1953, to try and cure his problem. He ended up losing his memory after a procedure done by William Beecher Scoville, a Hartford neurosurgeon. The effects of this surgery are astonishing and provided material for psychologists around the world to study.

How I Intend to Use It: I will use this article to provide insight on how various structures in the brain are essential for creating and storing memories. The famous experiment with Henry Molaison (HM) the well-known “man with no memory,” provided new and crucial information for psychologist to work with about the brain.

Creating False Memories #3

Background: Professor of psychology, Elizabeth F. Loftus, focuses much of her research on human memory. Loftus has conducted over 200 experiments involving over 20,000 people. She provides fascinating insight through years of research on how exposure to misinformation induces memory distortion. The information provided by Loftus is incredible and shocking, showing the power lies can have on the brain and a person’s mental well-being.

How I Intend to Use It: I found this article to be one of the most interesting out of every article I’ve researched so far. I will use this article to provide examples on how memory is counterintuitive and can play tricks on the mind. Although, many times humans don’t acknowledge they’re being mentally fooled. I will include Loftus’ research on memory distortion and the consequences that follow. 

Repressed Memories #4

Background: The website, A Guide to Psychology and its Practice, offers insight on why humans tend to repress memories, especially traumatic experiences, in the article Repressed Memories. There are various reasons why an individual may try and hide a memory from their conscious awareness. The article offers valuable information and scenarios explaining human behavior.

How I Intend to Use It: I will use this article to benefit the main concept of my paper, explaining how the brain often tricks the mind, and hides valuable information. I will reflect on the articles’ examples with traumatic experiences, especially in childhood, to strengthen my paper’s argument and create my own ideas.

The Multi-Store Model of Memory  #5

Background: The article, AS Psychology: The Multi-Store Model of Memory, elaborates on the definition of “memory” and the ways the human brain stores memory. The article includes supporting research evidence on how memory can often be displaced.

How I Intend to Use It: I intend to strengthen my research on the way the brain interprets and stores information in various spots in the brain. I will consider the memory case studies in my paper, showing how the brain can recall information in unique ways, that aren’t necessarily common sense.

#6. Forgetfulness- 7 types of normal memory problems

Background: The article makes the case that it’s normal for healthy human beings to make memory mistakes and lists 7 types of memory problems. These 7 memory problems: Transience, absentmindedness, blocking, misattribution, suggestibility, bias, and persistence, can occur at any age. However, if these normal problems occur in extreme-form, there could be a possible memory-impairing illness.

How I Intend to Use It: The source supports my position on memory forgetfulness and how it can actually be useful and a normal occurrence among humans.

#7. How to Instill False Memories

Background: The article describes the process in which you can fool a friend into believing they experienced a memory that never happened, based off of Carl Sagan’s book, The Demon-Haunted World. Although the article focuses on “tricking” a friend as a joke, it also mentions similar studies conducted by psychologists. The process includes four steps: 1. Select one of your mates, 2. Fabricate a memory, 3. Prepare, and 4. Set your plan in motion.

How I Intend to Use It: The source supports my argument that memory isn’t set in stone. Memory changes and often distorts information, considering people can truly believe in a fabricated memory.

#8. A picture is worth a thousand lies: Using false photographs to create false childhood memories

Background: The article makes the case that it is possible for humans to recall events that never happened, especially in childhood. Psychologist conducted an experiment on twenty subjects who: 1. had not taken a hot air balloon ride, 2. was at least 18 years old, and 3. had not taken a psychology class before. The subjects, 10 male and 10 females, were students at Victoria University of Wellington or at other local universities. The article provides the procedure and logic behind the reason why the selected subjects were manipulated into believing they were in a hot air balloon as a child, even though the memory was fake.

How I Intend to Use It: The article strengthens my argument that memory can fool us, by making us believe we’ve experience an event that never happened, due to the manipulation by others.

#9. The Problem with Eyewitness Testimony

Background: The United States’ judicial system heavily relies on eyewitness testimony to help determine whether a defendant is guilty or not guilty, and the weight of the sentence. However, eyewitness testimony incorporates memory, and memory isn’t reliable and can often be distorted.

How I Intend to Use It: To bring attention to the fact that memory often tricks us. Therefore, since human memory isn’t reliable and consistently accurate, why is the judicial system depending on memory to help determine the fate of someone’s life?

#10. The Impact of Stereotype Theory on Age Differences in Memory Performance

Background: The study investigated the effects of memory with 48 younger adults and 48 older adults. The results concluded that many older adults’ memories are worse when they’re in circumstances of high perceived threat vs. non-threatening situations. The condition in which older individuals experienced more threat, increased with the value placed on memory.

How I Intend to Use It: To show how memory is different for various age groups and how stereotypes influence memory ability.

There is more to life than being happy, it is a counterintuitive that if someone is happy their life has meaning. This is not always the case. In many ways a happy person is portrayed as someone who is selfish, a selfish person will most likely not do things to give their life meaning.

For my essay, I will research the difference of a happy person and a person who’s life has meaning. There are multiple studies that claim Americans do not have a strong sense of the things that make their lives meaningful. Many Americans today say that they are the happiest they’ve ever been. Some studies claim that levels of happiness in America are at a fourth time high. The question is, is their a difference between leading a meaningful life and leading a happy life. Living a happy life and living a meaningful life are classified quiet differently when it comes down to it. Most people that live a happy life are classified as “takers”. Those who live a meaningful life are classified as “givers”.The pursuit of happiness is not enough nowadays. Americans do not even have a sense of what makes their lives meaningful.

Finding the difference in the life of a person who is happy and the life of a person who believes their life has meaning would be very interesting. There are definitely substantial in these two types of lifestyles, can people really have it all?

1. There’s More to Life Than Being Happy

Background: This article illustrates the difference between the average Americans happy life differs from a meaningful life. Most American people who have a “happy” life have been classified as selfish people. Others classified as those with a meaningful life are the givers, their sole purpose in life is to make others happy, but do they gain happiness through that?

How I intend to use it: The way I intend to use this is by taking the differences of a giver and a taker and use them to counter argue the difference between happiness and meaningfulness. Many people do not understand the differences these two qualities can have. Being selfish in life should not be the reason a person is living a happy life. Im going to use this article to support the fact that what a person gives in life is what they get from life.

2. The how of Happiness: A Scientific Approach to Getting the Life You Want

Background: This article shows the in’s and out’s of the meanings and mysteries of happiness. Happiness can portrayed in different ways through different people. The article expresses the differences in happiness and how it varies year to year and person to person.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this by showing how different people define happiness in different ways. Happiness has changed in meaning generation to generation, some may even classify happiness as a fad. I want to express happiness from a scientific view and this article can help me do so.

3. New Developments in the Meaning of Life

Background: This article classifies what, if anything, makes a persons life meaningful. Positions on the meaning of life can vary strongly from study to study and from person to person. Critical questions should be asked when thinking about the meaning of life.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this in my paper by using key points throughout the article classifying the meaning of life. Another way to word this would be how a persons life has meaning and or why.

4. Meaningfulness and Time

Background: In this article they discuss the meaning of life in relation to time, emotions, and the situation in which things happen. All of these aspects have a large impact on the meaningfulness of different things that happen at different times.

How I intend to use it: I will use this post to help my readers understand how different aspects affect how different events in ones life are remembered and how much meaning they have. Throughout my paper I will be discussing how important meaning is in ones life. This article will help me describe why some things mean what they mean as opposed to others.

5. Wealth and Happiness

Background: This article demonstrates how wealth correlates to a persons happiness. Wealth is a large aspect of the happiness of many Americans. People depend on money in order to stay happy but this is not the way it should be. When money is involved the happiness becomes selfish and is not genuine.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use his article by showing how selfish people with a “happy” life could be. These are the people I have mentioned earlier, the takers. Being a taker is not the way to a happy life. Material things are only temporary and are a tell tale sign of a shallow and selfish person. This is how I intend to use this article.

6. Is a Happy Life Different from a Meaningful One

Background: There are five crucial differences between a happy life and a meaningful one. These five aspects are easily seen when looking at a person who lives a happy life opposed to a person who lives a meaningful life. The study that was conducted basically proves in multiple ways that living a meaningful like is better and more fulfilling then living a happy life. Through multiple research techniques a meaningful life is proven to have more significance.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this information to show that a happy life has less value then that of a meaningful life. Those who live a happy life are takers and are never actually fully satisfied with the way their lives turned out. Those who experience a manful life have a deeper appreciation for life itself. They do not only care about themselves, but more importantly those who may be less fortunate. These five differences shown in the study of a meaningful vs. a happy life will help express this.

7. Why a meaningful life is more fulfilling than a happy one

Background: The idea of happiness is when a desired need is met. When this need is met our happiness levels increase. Why is such an increase coming from material objects and selfish qualities? Why do these things make people happy? Those who live happy lives are the ones who’s joy comes from outside objects they may gain or that are handed to them, no work involved, no achievement. Those who live meaningful lives are the ones who gain happiness from giving to others, giving back to the community, helping out, earning the things they yearn for. That type of life is so much more fulfilling.

How I intend to use it: In relation to my paper this article has a great importance. It step by step by step goes through the reasonings of why a meaningful life is more fulfilling and satisfying then a happy life. I will use these facts to support claims made in other articles about meaningful lives and their great importance.

8. Do you want a meaningful or a happy life?

Background: This article goes into detail about how the meanings of a happy and a meaningful life may sometimes overlap in some peoples minds. This article also goes through five large differences between meaning and happiness. Factors such as getting what you want verses getting what you need, and also time management play a large role in portraying the differences.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this as support for unanswered claims that ask whether a happy life or a meaningful life is more purposeful. These five major differences should help those that are confused differentiate between the value of these two different lifestyles.

9. A Meaningful life is more important than a happy one

Background: The aspects that give a persons life meaning are ultimately more important then those that make a persons life happy. This article describes why a life with meaning is greater then a life just filled with artificial happiness.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this to support my claim of why a meaningful life is more important then a happy one.

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